Amlodipine besylate is a widely used medication for the treatment of hypertension and angina. It belongs to the class of calcium channel blockers and works by relaxing the blood vessels, which helps to lower blood pressure and improve blood flow.
The physicochemical properties of amlodipine besylate are of great importance in understanding its behavior in various pharmaceutical formulations. These properties include its solubility, stability, melting point, and pH.
Solubility: Amlodipine besylate is highly soluble in water, making it suitable for oral administration. Its solubility in other solvents, such as alcohol and organic solvents, is relatively low.
Stability: Amlodipine besylate is stable under normal storage conditions. It does not degrade easily when exposed to light, heat, or moisture, making it suitable for long-term storage.
Melting point: The melting point of amlodipine besylate is approximately 178-179°C. This property is important for determining the appropriate temperature for processing and manufacturing pharmaceutical formulations.
pH: Amlodipine besylate has a pH dependent on its salt form, with a pH range of 4.5-6.0. This property affects its solubility, stability, and overall performance in pharmaceutical formulations.
In conclusion, understanding the physicochemical properties of amlodipine besylate is essential for formulating effective and stable medications. Its solubility, stability, melting point, and pH characteristics play a crucial role in determining its behavior in different pharmaceutical formulations.
Physicochemical properties
In addition to its therapeutic properties, amlodipine besylate also possesses specific physicochemical properties that contribute to its effectiveness and safety as a medication.
Physical appearance: Amlodipine besylate is a white to off-white crystalline powder.
Solubility: Amlodipine besylate is sparingly soluble in water and slightly soluble in ethanol.
Molecular weight: The molecular weight of amlodipine besylate is approximately 567.1 g/mol.
Chemical structure: Amlodipine besylate is chemically known as (R,S)-3-ethyl 5-methyl 2-[(2-aminoethoxy)methyl]-4-(2-chlorophenyl)-6-methyl-1,4-dihydropyridine-3,5-dicarboxylate benzenesulphonate.
Stability: Amlodipine besylate is stable under normal storage conditions and has a long shelf life.
These physicochemical properties contribute to the overall quality and efficacy of amlodipine besylate, making it a reliable and trusted medication for the treatment of hypertension and angina.
Physical appearance
One of the important physicochemical properties of amlodipine besylate is its physical appearance. Amlodipine besylate is a white or almost white crystalline powder. It has no odor and is practically insoluble in water. It is slightly soluble in ethanol. Its molecular weight is approximately 567.1 g/mol.
Amlodipine besylate is commonly used as a calcium channel blocker to treat high blood pressure and coronary artery disease. It works by relaxing the blood vessels and improving blood flow. The chemical structure of amlodipine besylate consists of a dihydropyridine ring and two ester functional groups.
Stability is an important aspect to consider when using amlodipine besylate. It should be stored in a tightly closed container, protected from light, moisture, and excessive heat. The shelf life of amlodipine besylate is approximately three years if stored properly.
Key Points:
- Amlodipine besylate is a white or almost white crystalline powder.
- It has no odor and is practically insoluble in water.
- It is slightly soluble in ethanol.
- The molecular weight of amlodipine besylate is approximately 567.1 g/mol.
- Amlodipine besylate is commonly used to treat high blood pressure and coronary artery disease.
- The chemical structure of amlodipine besylate consists of a dihydropyridine ring and two ester functional groups.
- It should be stored in a tightly closed container, protected from light, moisture, and excessive heat.
- The shelf life of amlodipine besylate is approximately three years if stored properly.
Solubility
The solubility of amlodipine besylate refers to its ability to dissolve in a liquid, typically water. It plays a crucial role in the pharmacokinetics and formulation of the drug. Understanding the solubility of amlodipine besylate is essential for determining the optimal dosage form and administration route.
Amlodipine besylate has a moderate solubility in water. It can dissolve satisfactorily in aqueous solutions, allowing for the preparation of oral dosage forms such as tablets and capsules. This solubility profile ensures that the drug can be absorbed and distributed throughout the body after oral administration.
The solubility of amlodipine besylate is influenced by various factors, including temperature and pH. Higher temperatures generally enhance the solubility, meaning that the drug can dissolve more readily in warmer water. Similarly, adjusting the pH of the solution can also affect the solubility of amlodipine besylate.
Solubility in Different Solvents
Besides water, amlodipine besylate also exhibits good solubility in other common solvents such as ethanol and methanol. This characteristic allows for the preparation of injectable solutions or suspensions when the drug needs to be administered parenterally.
Apart from the solvents mentioned above, amlodipine besylate is generally insoluble in lipids and oils. This property limits the formulation options for lipid-based dosage forms, such as lipid emulsions or creams.
Effect of Particle Size
The particle size of amlodipine besylate can also affect its solubility. Finely ground particles have a larger surface area, which increases the contact area with the solvent and facilitates dissolution. Therefore, micronized forms of amlodipine besylate are commonly used to improve its solubility and bioavailability.
In summary, the solubility of amlodipine besylate is an important consideration for pharmaceutical scientists and formulators. By understanding the solubility profile, they can develop appropriate dosage forms that ensure optimal drug absorption, distribution, and efficacy.
Molecular weight
The molecular weight of amlodipine besylate is an important physicochemical property that is often considered when evaluating the drug’s characteristics and effects. The molecular weight is a numerical value that represents the sum of the atomic weights of all the atoms in a molecule. In the case of amlodipine besylate, its molecular weight is approximately 567.05 g/mol.
This value is significant because it provides insight into the size and mass of the molecule. A higher molecular weight indicates a larger and more complex molecule, which can impact its solubility, stability, and overall efficacy.
In the case of amlodipine besylate, its molecular weight allows it to be easily absorbed and distributed within the body. This is important for the drug’s intended use as an antihypertensive and antianginal medication. The molecular weight also contributes to its effectiveness, as it influences the drug’s ability to interact with specific receptors and target tissues.
In conclusion, the molecular weight of amlodipine besylate plays a crucial role in determining its pharmacological properties and therapeutic effectiveness. Understanding this physicochemical property can aid in the development, formulation, and administration of the drug.
Amlodipine besylate
Amlodipine besylate is a medication that belongs to the class of calcium channel blockers. It is commonly used to treat high blood pressure and chest pain (angina).
The chemical structure of amlodipine besylate consists of a dihydropyridine ring and a benzene ring. The presence of the besylate salt in the drug enhances its stability and solubility.
Amlodipine besylate works by relaxing the blood vessels, which allows for easier blood flow and reduces the workload on the heart. This results in a decrease in blood pressure and a decrease in the frequency and severity of angina episodes.
The stability of amlodipine besylate is important to ensure its effectiveness and shelf life. The drug should be stored in a cool, dry place away from direct sunlight and moisture.
Overall, amlodipine besylate is a widely prescribed medication for the management of hypertension and angina. Its chemical structure, stability, and targeted mechanism of action make it an effective option for patients in need of cardiovascular treatment.
Chemical structure
The chemical structure of amlodipine besylate is as follows:
| Chemical Formula | C20H25ClN2O5•C6H6O3S |
| Molecular Weight | 567.05 g/mol |
| Chemical Name | 3-Ethyl 5-methyl 2-[(2-aminoethoxy)methyl]-4-(2-chlorophenyl)-6-methyl-1,4-dihydropyridine-3,5-dicarboxylate benzenesulphonate |
Amlodipine besylate is a calcium channel blocker that is used to treat high blood pressure and certain types of chest pain. Its chemical structure plays a crucial role in its mechanism of action, allowing it to selectively block the entry of calcium ions into vascular smooth muscle cells and cardiac muscle cells. This results in vasodilation and relaxation of the blood vessels, leading to a decrease in blood pressure and an improvement in blood flow.
It is important to note that the chemical structure of amlodipine besylate contributes to its pharmacological properties, such as its solubility, bioavailability, and stability. Understanding the chemical structure of a medication is essential in determining its effectiveness and potential interactions with other drugs.
Stability
Amlodipine besylate is known for its excellent stability, making it a reliable choice in the treatment of hypertension and angina. The stability of a medication is crucial in ensuring its effectiveness and longevity.
The stability of amlodipine besylate is demonstrated through its ability to maintain its physicochemical properties over time, even under various environmental conditions. This allows for optimal drug delivery and ensures consistent therapeutic outcomes for patients.
In addition, amlodipine besylate is highly stable in solution, making it suitable for different formulations and administration routes. This stability enables the medication to be readily absorbed and provide the desired therapeutic effects.
Furthermore, the chemical structure of amlodipine besylate contributes to its stability. The besylate salt form enhances the drug’s solubility, ensuring its dissolution and absorption in the body.
The stability of amlodipine besylate has been extensively studied and validated through rigorous tests and trials, ensuring its safety and efficacy. This comprehensive evaluation of stability further supports its reliability as a treatment option.
| Key Points |
|---|
| Amlodipine besylate demonstrates excellent stability. |
| It maintains its physicochemical properties over time. |
| The stability allows for optimal drug delivery and consistent therapeutic outcomes. |
| Amlodipine besylate is highly stable in solution. |
| The chemical structure enhances the drug’s solubility. |
| Extensive studies and trials have validated its stability. |
In conclusion, the stability of amlodipine besylate is a key attribute that contributes to its effectiveness and reliability as a treatment for hypertension and angina. Its ability to maintain physicochemical properties and provide consistent therapeutic outcomes make it a trusted choice for healthcare professionals and patients alike.